What does Pascal make for religious faith in the reading The Wager Essay

What does Pascal make for strict confidence in the perusing The Wager - Essay Example In plain language, his viable influence was, â€Å"if I have confidence in God and there is God, I am alright; and in the event that I despite everything have confidence in God yet in truth there is actually no God, I am still fine. What's more, in the event that I didn't have confidence in God and there is actually a God, at that point I am in trouble.† So it is in every case better to have faith in God. Pascal’s Wager’s vary from different strict scholars who indicated from the earlier confirmation of God’s presence that is autonomous of any verification or perception. Not at all like Anselm who put an ontological contention that since God will be God, that his reality shouldn't be approved by understanding to legitimize that He exists, Pascal rather contended that one loses nothing in putting stock in God that it doesn't damage to put stock in God. To put it plainly, Pascal’s proof can be gotten from its conceivable advantage in trusting God that one has everything to pick up and misfortunes nothing. Pascal may have moved toward the issue on the conviction of God from a consequentialist perspective since he convinces individuals to have confidence in God out of the normal advantage that can be gotten from it or the shirking of mischief and torment on the off chance that one doesn't trust in God. While his thinking is basic, the contention of gauging the advantage of having confidence in God versus invalidating God is reasonable particularly to the advanced psyche who frequently asks, â€Å"What is in it for me?† He didn't propose any expound philosophical thinking that requires higher seeing, for example, the clarification of St. Augustine who contended that God exists however the method of knowing ought to be corresponding to what exactly is being watched. Man, being only a made being, can't be proportionate to the understanding required to appreciate God since God being over all things, is above information. He must be comprehended on a higher plane of understanding or t hrough â€Å"divine light†. For Pascal, man in his present intellectual capacity, would already be able to comprehend and have faith in

Human Resource Management Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Human Resource Management - Term Paper Example The association picked for the examination will be IBM. Execution Management execution the board can be depicted as a human asset system, which covers non-work exact practices, for example, ‘cooperation’ ‘dedication’ ‘enthusiasm’ and ‘persistence’ and is separated from task execution covering work explicit practices (Borman and Motowidlo 71-98). As Fletcher (91) specifies, relevant execution is worried about the qualities which set off farther than task capability and that energize practices that support the effectiveness of the association. Consequently execution is viewed as conduct, in which the associations, groups and people execute their work. Campbell (690-710) recommends that exhibition is such a conduct, that should be separated from the outcomes. An extra more extensive examination of execution is achieved on the off chance that it is depicted as taking up both conduct and results. Execution the executives can be a factor affecting practices and results together. Practices begin from the entertainer and change execution from thought to activity. Execution the board can be portrayed as a significant practice that worries with by and large disposition of the workers towards the association. It reproduces the point of view one has for execution and it contains auxiliary strategies like: approach depiction, plan usage, preparing and execution estimation. Subsequently execution estimation is an auxiliary technique of execution the executives which is the point of convergence of grouping and dispatch of execution results controlled by execution guides. Execution the executives is worried about the activity taken dependent on the outcomes while execution estimation manages assessment of results, simultaneously as execution the executives is connected with making a move contingent upon the results of the evaluation and verifying that the target results are cultivated. Execution the board can likewise be desc ribed as being related with a â€Å"future orientation† dependent on the information sources and yield applied an association or person. Execution the executives is turning into a significant part of the associations to deal with the exhibition of their representatives and keep them inspired for the accomplishment of their objectives bringing about the accomplishment of generally hierarchical objectives (Brumback 168-170). It tends to be seen that there is significant distinction between the presentation the executives rehearses in private and open area associations in many pieces of the world however by and by it is significant for each association to constantly improve their practices in light of the fact that these practices impact the inspiration of the workers. These distinctions practically speaking are dependent upon the working and control framework being actualized in various parts. At long last, it is the need of great importance for the association, to keep their r epresentatives propelled characteristically through the exhibition the board rehearses in light of the fact that in this downturn monetary time, it is getting significant for the associations to spur workers other than outward factors. Basic episode technique is utilized by the current association for the

Reflective Practice And Risk Analysis Social Work Essay

Intelligent Practice And Risk Analysis Social Work Essay The goal of this article is to basically assess the accompanying explanation concerning individual practice experience while surveying and overseeing hazard. As my training experience was situated in a Children and Families Area Team, this article will accordingly investigate the announcement from this point of view. A decent hazard choice requires both great hazard evaluation and great hazard the executives. (Carson Bain, 2008, p.156) This article will, at first, investigate and show a basic comprehension of the key ideas of hazard appraisal and hazard the board. It will at that point give an examination of the political, social and social settings that shape practice comparable to chance administration. Following this, a basic valuation for the idea of hazard dynamic will be thought of. At last an intelligent conversation of a contextual investigation drawn from my training will be assessed according to chance. This intelligent conversation will be set inside a hypothetical system of reflection. So as to fundamentally comprehend the idea of hazard evaluation, the topic of what hazard is should be characterized. As indicated by Alaszewski Manthorpe (1991) hazard might be characterized as the likelihood that a strategy won't accomplish the ideal outcome yet rather some unsatisfactory situation or occasion would win. McCarthy et al (2004) encourages this point as they additionally recommend that the term chance infers the chance of unfortunate or negative results. Besides, McCarthy likewise demonstrates that inside the idea of hazard it is additionally inferred that these results can be kept away from. (McCarthy et al, 2004). It is furthermore brought up that hazard has both a goal and emotional measurement. For instance, when review chance dispassionately it is conceivable to distinguish that any environmental factors or condition will be perilous and related with threat. Characterizing hazard from an emotional point of view implies that the chance of risk or an unsatisfactory occasion occurring will differ from individual to individual just as social gatherings. (Aleszewski Manthorpe, 1991). All things considered, Houston and Griffiths (2000) question the legitimacy of the objectivist worldview that they distinguish as the premise of hazard evaluation and point to its inability to give legitimate and solid proportions of hazard. (Houston Griffiths, p.1) They contend for a push toward a subjectivist worldview, and an arrival to the idea of relationship as the basis of social work mediation. Then again, there can be an incentive in facing challenges. To be sure, hazard taking can be believed to have advantageous just as hurtful results to the life of a person. (Titterton, 2005; Carson Bain, 2008). As Titterton brings up Hazard making is a course of deliberate move dependent on educated choices concerning the chance of positive and negative outcomesand levels of hazard proper in specific circumstances. (Titterton, 2005, p.25) Thus, the idea of hazard appraisal is a center action inside social work and further to this limiting danger has become a focal component. For sure, Calder (2002) depicts hazard evaluation as an efficient assortment of data so as to recognize if dangers are included and distinguish the probability of their future event. It is additionally recommended that chance appraisal ought to be comprehended as gathering data and surveying any data picked up with respect to chance components. These two components, which are fundamental to chance appraisal, are results (or results) and probability (otherwise called possibility or introduction). (Carson Bain, 2008). As the majority of the circumstances social laborers manage contain impressive vulnerability about the significance of occasions, the purposes behind referrals, the exactness of appraisal, and the outcomes of going in one direction rather than another, it is sensible to expect that evaluation of hazard isn't a precise science. Further to this, the potential results or outcomes could be interminable and therefore difficult to foresee with total conviction. Along these lines, the component of vulnerability must be recognized as a center element of expert judgment. Unquestionably, it is recommended that while thinking about the potential results (counting useful results), a hazard evaluation should just necessitate that sensibly anticipated results are met and that a legal, good and expert objectivity is maintained consistently. (Titterton, 2005; Carson Bain, 2008; Macdonald, 2010). As Webb (2006) calls attention to social laborers have a moral manner to do the best for customers and to the extent that they have the assets to do as such (Webb, 2006, p. 203) Inside hazard evaluation writing, Titterton (2005) additionally contends that the accentuation stays on surveying for the danger of unsafe or antagonistic results however how this is finished can rely upon which appraisal system is utilized. For instance, inside Criminal Justice Teams an increasingly actuarial appraisal is used. An actuarial evaluation depends on factual figurings of hazard and, for instance, utilizes scales to survey recidivism. Inside a Children and Families Area Team the appraisal system utilized could be depicted as a comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation which is kid focused and addresses three areas: formative needs, parental limit and ecological elements. The GIRFEC practice model along these lines focuses on early recognizable proof of hazard in every one of the three areas just as examination of proof, dynamic and arranging. (Scottish Government 2008) Furthermore, it permits the practioner to use a formative biological methodology which is grounded in s peculations of kid improvement and underscores collaboration among youngster and condition just as adopting a versatility strategy which loads qualities just as vulnerabilities. (Nearby Authority Risk Assessment Training Handout, 2009). In any case, what all hazard evaluation instruments share for all intents and purpose is that all data accumulated is broke down to permit a comprehension to be created which at that point permits an expert judgment to be shaped. Further to this hazard evaluation should consider chance variables and defensive factors that can envision and legitimize procedures of hazard counteraction just as hazard the board. (Kemshall, 2003; Parton 2006). This should empower the social specialist to use every single proper intercession or potentially choices. Investigation of data, in this manner, is a significant factor while thinking about results, probability and appropriate activity and likewise, social specialists require a decent handle of likelihood and measurable motivation to decipher research and evaluation data, compose their reasoning and have the option to reach sound temporary inferences which are available to change in the light of new data. (Steerage, 2009; Macdonald, 2010). Hazard the board, in its least complex sense, depicts the improvement of procedures to lessen the seriousness and recurrence of distinguished dangers and unfavorable results. This includes finding and controlling the components of a proposed chance into an arrangement which includes executing, checking, controlling and evaluating the hazard choice. Further to this, at a hierarchical level, chance administration requires an assistance that is enough set up with work force who are completely prepared and adequately learned and talented in distinguishing issues or openings and to make fitting intercessions. (Vincent, 1995; Kapur, 2000; Carson Bain, 2008). The Scottish Government (2008) further proposes that hazard the board ought to be comprehended as hazard decrease and that aggregately experts ought to have certainty, through faultless dynamic, that estimates executed will diminish chance adequately. Considering these definitions, chance administration propose manners by which a choice may best be tried. What likewise ought to be incorporated inside a hazard the executives technique is the grasping of chances which could emerge from any potential hazard choices. Another point which is significant is that so as to settle on and deal with a hazard choice the amount and nature of information accessible to the social specialist should meet the prerequisites expected to settle on a steady choice. As needs be, before settling on a choice, thought ought to be given to what is now referred to and its value just as reflection and consideration of what isn't known and any ramifications emerging from this. Remembered for this ought to likewise be the thought of any open doors which may emerge which may have the possibility of potential advantages. (Carson Bain, 2008). Littlechild Blakeney (1996) further recommend that the administration of hazard ought to be versatile. This alludes to the thought that families and their lives don't remain stable and changes can occur in their capacity to adapt consequently the dangers can change as well. Checking, consequently are significant as is correspondence with the family and different offices who are included. Littlechild Blakeney proceed to express this is the place the expert skill of the social laborer ought to be engaged and not in an ineffectual endeavor to foresee each potential hazard. Thusly, the standards for hazard the board ought to be the need to guarantee that the continuous shared arrangement deals with the hazard, records choices that shows how and why choices were reached and guarantees that choices made have activities with named people, clear timescales and survey dates and furthermore guarantee that any concurred timescales might be diminished if new dangers/needs become increasingly obv ious. Beck (1992) recommends we are living in a hazard society in which he accepts that late innovation, as a reflexive social request, makes new dangers and vulnerabilities. Furedi (1997) likewise verifies that we live in a people fixated on chance and that wellbeing has become the central estimation of our occasions. (Furedi, 1997, p.1). Furedi (1997) further proposes that the hazard avoidance culture we live in today depends in transit that hazard and its negative impacts are spoken to in t

Gymnastics

Wilson? On the off chance that you fear disappointment, you don't merit achievement. (Nastia Liukin) ? To Become a CHAMPION: Take your most noticeably awful occasion and make it your best†¦ AND THEN, take your most noticeably awful occasion and make it your best†¦ AND THEN, take your most exceedingly terrible occasion and make it your best†¦ (Gerald S. George, Ph. D. ) ? At the point when you stroll in the rec center you abandon everything. Its like an all out diferent world, its your subsequent family. We athlete invest more energy in the rec center than with our folks. We do tumbling not to satisfy our family however to please ourselfs. (Angelina Soto †12 years of age tumbler) ?Hope is to wish you could accomplish something. Confidence is to trust you can accomplish something. Fearlessness is to get up there and do it since you realize you can, you have no uncertainty about it. (Angelina Soto †12 years of age athlete) ? I don't think anything is unreasonabl e on the off chance that you trust you can do it. I think in the event that you are sufficiently resolved and ready to address the cost, you can complete it. (Mike Ditka) ? The significant thing in the Olympic Matches isn't dominating however partaking. The fundamental thing in life isn't overcoming yet battling admirably. (Noble de Coubertin, The Olympic Creed) ?An existence without reason for existing is a lazy, floating thing; Every day we should survey our motivation, saying to ourselves: This day let me make a sound start, for what we have up to this point done is nothing! (Thomas A. Kempis) ? You gain quality, mental fortitude, and certainty by each involvement with which you truly stop to glance dread in the face. (Eleanor Roosevelt) ? Pleasure isn't an objective, it is an inclination that goes with significant progressing action. (Paul Goodman) ? Extraordinary works are performed not by quality however by diligence. (Samuel Johnson) ? Difficult work and fellowship. They go t urn in hand.You need the difficult work since it's such an extreme atmosphere†¦ to win all week every week. You need fellowship since you don't generally win, and you gotta hang however together. (Tony Dungy) ? â€Å"I can't do it† never yet practiced anything: â€Å"I will try† has achieved ponders. (George P. Burnham) ? Achievement doesn't â€Å"happen. † It is sorted out, acquired, caught, by sanctified good judgment. (F. E. Willard) ? We can frequently help out other men by attempting to address our own deficiencies than by attempting to address theirs. (Francois Fenelon) ? An individual is just as large as the fantasy they set out to live. Obscure) ? The indication of insightful individuals is their capacity to control feelings by the utilization of reason. (Marya Mannes) ? There are no alternate ways to wherever worth going. (Beverly Sills) ? An expert is somebody who can accomplish his best work when he doesn't feel like it. (Alistair Cooke) ? Achiev ement doesn't come to you†¦ you go to it. (Marva Collins) ? Virtuoso is one percent motivation, ninety-nine percent sweat. (Thomas A. Edison (1847 †1931), Harper's Monthly, 1932) ? It's not the hours you put in your work that matters, it's the work you put in the hours. Sam Ewing) ? Individuals overlook how quick you carried out a responsibility †yet they recollect how well you did it. (Howard Newton) ? The brilliant open door you are looking for is in yourself. It isn't in your condition; it isn't in karma or possibility, or the assistance of other; it is in yourself alone. (Orison Swett Marden) ? I don't think there is some other quality so fundamental to accomplishment of any sort as the nature of determination. It defeats nearly everything, even nature. (John D. Rockefeller) ? Hard things are placed in our manner, not to stop us, however to get out our fearlessness and quality. (Unknown) ?I wasn't excessively acceptable at vaulting, and I didn't have running rate and bouncing force. (Mitsuo Tsukahara, JPN, Intl. Athlete 11/82) ? The brain is maybe probably the best factor in aerobatic; on the off chance that one can't control his psyche, he can't control his body. (William Meade, USA) ? An incredible delight in life is doing what individuals state you can't do. (Walter Bagehot) ? Each and every component, even the most hair-raising, can be improved. (Dmitry Bilozerchev, URS, World Gymnastics 1983/4) ? Disregard past mix-ups. Disregard disappointments. Disregard everything with the exception of what you will do now and do it. William Durant, organizer of General Motors) ? Best men have not accomplished their differentiation by having some new ability or opportunity introduced to them. They have built up the open door that was close by. (Bruce Barton) ? Inevitably, on the off chance that you take a shot at a specific move reliably, at that point it doesn't appear to be so hazardous. The thought is that the move remains risky and it looks peril ous to my rivals †yet it isn't to me. That is my mystery. (Nadia Comaneci, ROM, The Illustrated History of Gymnastics) ? Predetermination doesn't involve possibility; it involves choice.It isn't something to be sat tight for; be that as it may, rather something to be accomplished. (William Jennings Bryan) ? In the event that you do as well as can be expected, you will discover, by far most of the time, that you have shown improvement over any other individual. (William Feather) ? Ability alone isn't sufficient. I accept that a great acrobat is 10% motivation and 90% sweat. (Vladislav Rastorotsky, URS) ? In trouble lies opportunity. (Albert Einstein) ? Quit worrying about what others do; show improvement over yourself, beat your own record from everyday, and you are a triumph. (William J.H. Boetcker) ? Once a French journalist asked me how I could do a cross so without any problem. I stated, ‘You simply let your body down until your arms are straight out to the sides, at t hat point you stop. ‘ (Albert Azarian, URS, Intl. Athlete, 05/94) ? The best approach to create self-assurance is to do the thing you dread. (William Jennings Bryan) ? The cost of achievement is persistence. The cost of disappointment comes less expensive. (Mysterious) ? We get by what we get, however we make a real existence by what we give. (Norman MacFinan) ? I realize how to grin, I realize how to snicker, I know how to play.But I realize how to do these things simply after I have satisfied my main goal. (Nadia Comaneci, ROM, Time Magazine 1976) ? Disappointment is just deferred accomplishment as long as mental fortitude â€Å"coaches† desire. The propensity for ingenuity is the propensity for triumph. (Herbert Kaufman) ? Triumph is best when you've known annihilation. (Malcolm Forbes) ? A smooth ocean never made a talented sailor. (English maxim) ? The best approach to create self-assurance is to do the thing you dread. (William Jennings Bryan) ? Quit worrying abou t what others do; show improvement over yourself, beat your own record from everyday, and you are a triumph. (William J.H. Boetcker) ? On the off chance that you do as well as can be expected, you will discover, the vast majority of the time, that you have shown improvement over any other individual. (William Feather) ? Disregard past mix-ups. Disregard disappointments. Disregard everything aside from what you will do now and do it. (William Durant, organizer of General Motors) ? Nothing will ever be endeavored, if every single imaginable complaint should initially be survived. (Samuel Johnson) ? Face your insufficiencies and recognize them; yet don't let them ace you. Let them show you tolerance, pleasantness, knowledge. (Helen Keller) ? What you can do, or figure you can, start it. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe) ? The point of a contention or conversation ought not be triumph, however progress. (Joseph Joubert) ? Greatness is a workmanship won via preparing and habituation. We don't act appropriately on the grounds that we have ideals or greatness, but instead we have those in light of the fact that we have acted properly. We are what we over and over do. Greatness, at that point, isn't a demonstration however a propensity. (Aristotle) ? Singular greatness is immaterial when contrasted with triumph accomplished as a group. (Watertown †Mayer Gymnastics Team) ? What lies behind us and what lies before us are small issues contrasted with what exists in us. (William Morrow) ?Aspire, break limits. Attempt to be acceptable, better despite everything, best. (Robert Browning) ? Focus on the sun and you may not arrive at it; however your bolt will fly far higher than if you had focused on an article on a level with yourself. (F. Hawes) ? One man rehearsing sportsmanship is much better than 50 lecturing it. (Knute Rockne) ? The significant thing is this: to be capable at any second to forfeit what we are really going after we could turn into. (Charles Du Bos) ? One must have the gutsy setting out to acknowledge oneself as a heap of conceivable outcomes and embrace the most intriguing game with regards to the world †benefiting as much as possible from one's ideal. Harry Emerson Fosdick) ? Judgment originates as a matter of fact, and extraordinary judgment originates from awful understanding. (Robert Packwood) ? Carry on with your life every day as you would ascend a mountain. An incidental look towards the highest point remembers the objective, yet numerous lovely scenes are to be seen from each new vantage point. (Harold B. Melchart) ? Consider yourself answerable for a better quality than any other individual expects of you. Never pardon yourself. Never feel sorry for yourself. Be a hard ace to yourself †and be permissive to every other person. (Henry Ward Beecher) ?No issue who says what, you ought to acknowledge it with a grin and accomplish your own work. (Mother Teresa) ? Joy lies in the delight of accomplishment and the excitem ent of imaginative exertion. (Franklin D. Roosevelt) ? At the point when somebody accomplishes something great, commend! You will satisfy two individuals. (Samuel Goldwyn) ? There are no insider facts to progress. It is the aftereffect of planning, difficult work, gaining from disappointment. (Colin Powell) ? The incredible thing and the hard thing is to adhere to things when you have outlasted the main intrigue, and not yet got the second, which accompanies a kind of dominance. Janet Erskine Stuart) ? The stature of your achievements will approach the profundity of your feelings. (William F. Scolavino) ? Virtuoso is everlasting tolerance. (Michelangelo) ? The pearl can't be cleaned without grinding, nor man consummated without preliminaries. (Chinese maxim) ? Human instinct isn't a machine to be worked after a model, and set to accomplish precisely the work recommended for it, yet a tree, which requires to develop and create itself on all sides, as indicated by the inclination of t he internal powers which make it a living thing. John Stuart Mill) ? The

The Three Waves of Feminism Essay Example

The Three Waves of Feminism Paper The Three Big Waves of Feminism First-Wave Feminism: Women’s Right to Vote In 1776, the then First Lady of the United States was the first to raise her about women’s rights, disclosing to her better half to â€Å"remember the ladies† in his drafting of new laws, yet it took over 100 years for men like John Adams to really do as such. With the assistance of about six decided, and for this situation white upper-working class, ladies the primary wave woman's rights, which ranges from the nineteenth century to the mid twentieth century, at long last prompted their objective following 72 years of dissenting. The Nineteenth Amendment, which tied down the rights for ladies to cast a ballot at last went in 1920. This terrific triumph brought different changes along, remembering changes for the instructive framework, in human services and in the working environment. Second-Wave Feminism: Personal Means Political The First-Wave was noteworthy to women's liberation as it built up a protected balance from where ladies could begin. The second influx of women's liberation, be that as it may, was urgent to everything that trailed. This wave stamped everything the mid 1960s to the late 1980s. Obviously woman's rights didn’t cease to exist totally, in the middle of the first and second wave women's liberation, as the media attempted to cause numerous individuals to accept. Truth be told woman's rights was as yet a subject among ladies; they just didn’t swarm at surveying stations any longer. Rather numerous little gatherings of ladies activists were battling for conception prevention or the ladies harmony development. At that point, during the Second World War ladies out of nowhere assumed a significant job as work powers and could experience independency. In spite of the fact that after the war, since the men were back with their celebrated chivalry, it was relied upon of ladies to quietly head once again into the kitchen and showcase their â€Å"natural† job as mother and spouse, which has been squeezed onto them from the very beginning. We will compose a custom article test on The Three Waves of Feminism explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom paper test on The Three Waves of Feminism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The Three Waves of Feminism explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Clearly that didn’t agree with a large number of them. Anyway before the Women’s Liberation development and before the Sexual Revolution in 1968, there have been the Civil Rights Movement and the antiwar development. Those two were the initial two significant social developments to be shown through TV, just as they were the heralds of the accompanying women's activist development. They demonstrated that ladies, as well, could get political. Ladies from Rosa Parks to Coretta Scott King caused political dissent to appear to be important and empowered numerous ladies all over America, paying little heed to race and ethnic foundation, to support their privileges. It was the women's activist movement’s go then to get genuine individual and by getting genuine individual it didn’t get any less political. Ladies had enough of the lewd behavior and abusive behavior at home going on behind entryways, of being kept out of law and clinical schools and in this way being limited to low paid employments, of being bound in residential as well as in open circles. To make it short: ladies had enough of being looked down at. With these issues the key requests of this development were: â€Å"the right to protected and lawful premature birth, the privilege to open and reasonable childcare, and the equivalent open doors in instruction and employment†. Another interest was more help of battered womens safe houses, and changes in care and separation law. This rush of women's liberation raised the greater part of changes in regards to ladies and laws. Governmental policy regarding minorities in society rights for ladies were broadened and acts like the Women’s Educational Equity Act, which permitted instructive equity for ladies, the Pregnancy Discrimination Act, which denied â€Å"sex separation based on pregnancy†, were passed. Among these demonstrations a law went in 1975 that necessary the U. S. Military Academies to concede ladies, just as conjugal assault was made illicit and the no-issue separate from lawful. Despite the fact that the last two laws were not perceived by all states, it was as yet viewed as a huge achievement. In the mid 1980s the greatest quality of the subsequent wave, the fabulous assorted variety of woman's rights and associations, abruptly turned into its greatest shortcoming as the media began the supposed â€Å"feminist sex wars† by pitting ladies, particularly two of them, against one another, attempting to devastate the picture of sisterhood distinctly. Despite the fact that the Women’s Liberation development plainly wouldn't pick a pioneer, the media singled out Gloria Steinem as the pioneer of this development. Gloria Steinem was a solitary and childless profession lady, who contrasted marriage with prostitution and demanded that â€Å"if men could get pregnant, premature birth would be a sacrament†. On the opposite side there was the media’s dear Phyllis Schlafly, who practically without any help cut down the Equal Rights Amendment. Otherwise called the ERA, this mendment requested that the â€Å"equality of rights under the law will not be denied nor compressed by the United States or any state on the record of sex†. It was first presented by Alice Paul in 1923, a lady genuinely comparatively radical, yet didn’t get sanctioned by enough states to get legitimized. Regardless of whether this happened on account of Phyllis Schlafly herself or the manner in which media introduced the women's activi sts of that time is begging to be proven wrong. At long last the ERA might not have gotten legitimized and ladies were as yet abused, yet sisterhood was especially alive and blossoming. In sisterhood ladies discovered quality and with this newly discovered quality they began breaking the bars which had been shielding them from ascending the profession stepping stool and concluded that it was long past time to begin assuming responsibility for their own lives. Third-Wave Feminism: Finally Diversity After ERA was crushed, a huge measure of media inclusion over the alleged â€Å"death of feminism† showed up on the TV screen of Americans. The individuals who really trusted them were definitely gobsmacked by the third flood of woman's rights which discovered its beginning in the mid-90’s. Brought about by the Clarence Thomas affirmation hearings and the obvious resentment and scorn the informer, Anita Hill, was met with by the all-male jury, ladies concluded that once men crossed one line too much. The most evident distinction between the third wave development and its sisters the first and second wave developments was the embracement of assorted variety. With woman's rights getting worldwide it opened up for ladies of any race just as any social class, yet in addition discarded the mass media’s â€Å"ugly braless bubblehead† generalization of women's activists with ladies like Pinkfloor expressing: â€Å"Its conceivable to have a push-up bra and a mind simultaneously. Being female and a women's activist was not, at this point fundamentally unrelated and with the purported â€Å"grrl† women's activists, ladies began to appear as solid and enabling, while at the same time recovering everything ladylike, from wearing high-heels to lipstick. The key requests of the Third Wave are a lot harder to stick point, as the scope of issues developed by ladies fretting about the sex persecution as well as with financial abuse and natural issues also. Anyway one urgent viewpoint was the deconstruction of absolute reasoning and its interminable assault on unreasonable excellence beliefs set for ladies since the time TV was created. The third influx of women's liberation has not finished at this point. It is history really taking shape, as new issues to manage emerge when old ones are understood. The most likely most prominent accomplishment of these waves is the familiarity with mistreatment they’ve spread, the sentiment of network between ladies they made just as diverting woman's rights from a theoretical idea into a generally acknowledged truth.

Steps for Successful Problem-Solving With PTSD

Steps for Successful Problem-Solving With PTSD PTSD Coping Print Steps for Successful Problem-Solving With PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on July 19, 2019 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children PeopleImages / Getty Images The symptoms of PTSD can greatly interfere with many aspects of a persons life, and as a result, a person with PTSD may need to engage in a good amount of problem-solving throughout their daily life. When people are faced with problems, they may begin to feel overwhelmed or experience worry about the future. They may feel stuck and not know where to begin in addressing the problem. These experiences may be worse for someone with PTSD who already may be experiencing a tremendous amount of stress and anxiety. Problem-solving is a basic coping strategy. When done correctly, it can help someone experience a greater sense of control and predictability with regard to a problem. As a result, stress and anxiety may be reduced. There are five steps to problem-solving. Problem-solving is a structured approach to addressing a problem and can lead you to the best solution to a problem. Effective Problem-Solving Steps With PTSD To address a problem, it is very important to follow the below steps. Identify the Problem: The first step in solving a problem is to recognize what the problem is. This might sound like common sense; however, this is a very important step. Try to describe the problem as objectively as possible, as opposed to focusing on the potential consequences or implications of the problem. This can give you a better sense of what you are specifically dealing with.Define and Analyze the Problem: In this step, you will want to figure out what caused the problem, what the problem looks like at this moment and the urgency of addressing the problem. In this step, you want to also learn as much as you can about the problem. Be flexible in your approach. Do research on the problem. Look at the problem from a different perspective. Evaluate all of the different ways in which the problem could impact you.Generate Potential Solutions: Here you want to brainstorm and come up with as many solutions as you possibly can for the problem. Be creative and dont concern yourself at this point with how feasible the solutions may be. You want a number of different options to choose from. This process of generating solutions can also help you look at the problem from multiple perspectives. Keep in mind that it may be impossible to address all areas of a problem. When this is the case, break the problem down and try to generate solutions for parts of the problem (as opposed to the problem as a whole). It may be necessary to seek out help with this part of solving a problem.Decision-Making: In this step, you want to evaluate the solutions you came up with in step 3. Weigh the short- and long-term pros and cons of each solution. In addition, in this step, you want to start to evaluate how feasible each solution is. That is, how easily can you implement the solution to the problem?Implement a Solution and Evaluate its Success: In this final step, you want to choose a solution and implement it. Take action. In choosing a solution, you want to weigh the pros and cons of each potential solution, and it is generally a good idea to start out with a solution that is associated with low risk and that is compatible with your priorities and future goals. Once you have implemented a solution, evaluate how it was and was not successful. If the solution did not completely address the problem, you can then move back through some of the different stages to address other areas of the problem. Combining Strategies Problem-solving is a basic coping strategy that can be very effective in managing different sources of stress. As with any coping strategy, it may be important to combine it with other coping strategies, such as anxiety reduction techniques or skills for setting and managing goals. By taking the above steps, you may be able to reduce your level of stress and maximize your effort in addressing problems in your life. As with any coping strategy, it is best to practice this skill first with a very basic or non-threatening problem. This way you can get comfortable with the steps before you use them with more complex problems.

Do You Agree With The First Two Noble Truths - Free Essay Example

Oh, it is real. It is the only real thing. Pain. So let us name the truth, like men. We are born to joy that joy may become pain. We are born to hope that hope may become pain. We are born to love that love may become pain. We are born to pain that pain may become more Pain, and from that exhaustible superflux. We may give others pain as our prime definition. (Smith 100) The Buddha believed that the first Noble Truth of life is dukkha which is translated into All life is suffering(Pain). The second noble truth the Buddha believed in was All suffering comes from desire( tanha) thirst or craving. It is understood in Buddhism that pain is a part of this cycle of life and as long as we have place our selfish desires and pleasures, we will have nothing but more pain. He also believed that much of what we may find enjoyable was in fact superficial. He believed that life was lived unfulfilling and filled with insecurity, and that most things that were enjoyable resulted in pain. He believed that all these things such as desires and pleasures are just distraction to distract us from the pain that is so deeply bedded within us all. Only at quite rare moments have I felt really glad to be alive. I could not but feel with a sympathy full of regret all the pain that I saw around me, not only that of men, but of the whole creation.(Smith 100-101). I have to say I do believe in the first and second noble truths because the more you live life you will truly endure suffering, and most of the suffering will come from our selfishness and pleasures, we are trying to obtain in this world. We have to come to an higher understanding that our wants and desires are only temporary, and will not give us the pleasure, and desires we believe they will because in this life everything is temporary including ourselves. Buddha teaches us once we come into this understanding and realize that all of selfishness and desired pleasure are the real root to our suffering is when we come to understand that all is temporary. I think both statements speaks to all the pain we all see in the world all around us, and yet there are times when we still feel a since of happiness with our so called lives, despite the suffering that is happening all around us and I believe that is what is meant in that statement. There is truly pain in just about all aspects of life just waiting to raise its little head, and Buddha clearly makes that noted in his teaching. The realization that all is temporary including ourselves will then give us the understanding All life is suffering and All suffering comes from our desires. This has given me a new foundation as to how I view, or believe what it is that I think might make me happy, and come to the understanding that it will not. Its only temporary and the suffering will only continue as long as I keep placing my selfish desires and pleasures upon my life will nothing change and this is what I have learned from the Buddha and Buddhism teachings.

How to Make a Smoke Bomb With Ping Pong Balls

Its easy to make a smoke bomb! You dont even need any fancy chemicals, like potassium nitrate or ammonium nitrate. Heres how to use a ping pong ball to make a smoke bomb.   Ping Pong Smoke Bomb Materials Each ping pong ball makes one smoke bomb. You will need: ping pong ballaluminum foilpencillighter Assemble the Smoke Bomb Start by poking a hole in one side of a ping pong ball.Keep working at the hole until its large enough to insert the pencil into it. Put the pencil in the ping pong ball.Wrap aluminum foil around the ball and the pencil. Dont completely cover the pencil. What youre doing is making a nozzle for the smoke, so work an inch or two up the pencil.Remove the pencil. The ball plus foil is your finished smoke bomb!Take the smoke bomb outside and use a lighter flame to heat the foil on the bottom of the ping pong ball until smoke starts to come out of the nozzle. Set the smoke bomb on the ground and enjoy the show! How a Ping Pong Smoke Bomb Works You may not have realized it, but ping pong balls are made of nitrocellulose -- the same chemical used to make flash paper and the one that causes old movie reels to burst into flame. Ping pong balls are stable, though, and wont burn unless a heat source is applied. You may wish to burn a ping pong ball to see whats happening inside the smoke bomb: How To Burn a Ping Pong Ball (safely) If you burn a ping pong ball in the open, it produces some smoke, but not as much as youll get if you cover the ball to control the amount of oxygen and thus the rate of combustion. Making a spout or nozzle to control the incoming air and outgoing smoke also improves the smoke bomb. Disclaimer: Please be advised that the content provided by our website is for EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. Fireworks and the chemicals contained within them are dangerous and should always be handled with care and used with common sense. By using this website you acknowledge that ThoughtCo., its parent About, Inc. (a/k/a Dotdash), and IAC/InterActive Corp. shall have no liability for any damages, injuries, or other legal matters caused by your use of fireworks or the knowledge or application of the information on this website. The providers of this content specifically do not condone using fireworks for disruptive, unsafe, illegal, or destructive purposes. You are responsible for following all applicable laws before using or applying the information provided on this website.

Thomas Jeffersons Presidency Essay - 1121 Words

Thomas Jefferson was the third American President. Due to the fact that he was such an early President, he influenced our political system greatly, both in the short and long term with his seemingly quiet approach to congressional matters. During his presidency, many things happened that changed the United States as we know it. He coordinated the Louisiana Purchase, assisted in implementing the twelfth amendment, formed the character of the modern American President, and cut the U.S.’s war debt by a third. Jefferson came into office on March 4, 1801 and left office on March 4, 1809. His first term’s vice president was Aaron Burr, and his second term’s vice president was George Clinton. He ran with the Democratic-Republican Party and†¦show more content†¦While he was in office he suppressed the power of the Federalists quite well and even beat Charles Pinckney in the presidential election of 1804 by an electoral vote of 162-14. Understandably, after h is term ended, the Federalists were able to seize more power, but that hasn’t kept the Jeffersonian Democracy from influencing us today. Even though Jefferson was very opposed to loose interpretation of the constitution and judicial expansion under John Marshal, he did discard his strict principles from time to time when it became necessary. â€Å"Self-preservation—the first law of nature and nations—took precedence over the constitutional limitations that he scrupulously observed in peacetime.† This is especially true in the case of the Louisiana Purchase. Americans were expanding westward and needed a port for transport on the Mississippi, so Spain allowed them to use New Orleans. In 1801 Louisiana was ceded to France by Spain. France was not as cooperative as Spain and closed the port of New Orleans to the U.S. Therefore, a sudden disruption in trade was a legitimate cause for tension between the U.S. and France, and many people believed that a wa r would break out if the Americans did not buy New Orleans. Thomas Jefferson himself thought troubles wereShow MoreRelatedThomas Jefferson s Presidential Election939 Words   |  4 Pagesafter Thomas Jefferson’s presidential election can easily support that Jefferson was not completely consistent with his philosophical ideas. From the Louisiana Purchase to the Barbary pirate’s war, and economic issues can help argue that Thomas Jefferson wasn’t such a consistent president. Although it can be argued that his imposition of the Alien and Sedition Acts was a gratifying action, it can’t compare to the everlasting aftermath of those three main inconsistencies. Essentially, Thomas JeffersonRead MoreThomas Jefferson And His Achievements And Political Decisions1262 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson, one of the most well-known presidents in American history, was the third president of the United States, and was known as one of the Founding Fathers, for he is one of the principle authors of the famous Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson is an important factor of the development of the United States. This leading figured has influenced the prosperity of the America’s with his achievements and political decisions, regarding the United States JosephRead MoreThe Relationship Of Thomas Jefferson And The Declaration Of Independence1563 Words   |  7 Pageswas hypocritical when it came to his ideas of freedom about slaves in America. Thomas Jefferson didn’t grant African American slaves their rights when he wrote the Declaration of Independence. He owned slaves on his plantation which goes against the American freedoms that he wrote about in the Declaration. Jeffersons personal relationships with his slaves affected the way that he viewed African Americans. Thomas Jefferson owned slaves and he was born into a family that had slavery and was veryRead MoreThe Lasting Legacy of Thomas Jefferson948 Words   |  4 Pagesthomas Jefferson The Lasting Legacy of Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson is one of the most influential presidents of the United States. Along with his successes and failures he proved to be a great president by leaving his legacy’s behind. A legacy is something someone has had handed down or left for future generations. Thomas Jefferson is one of the most influential people that left their legacies behind because his presidency commenced the quarter century rule of the Virginia Dynasty. He wasRead MoreEssay about Biography of President Thomas Jefferson1502 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States is one of the more lauded, revered, criticized, and respected presidents of all time. In fact, he’s better to be seen as two people: a quiet and secluded philosopher, and an informal, public and loud president; it just so happens that these conflicting personalities found their home inside of Thomas Jefferson. This paper shall cover how come these personalities came into conflict so often, by examining his philosophies, the actions he tookRead MoreThe Legacy Of The Revolutionary War1050 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Declaration of Independence, which would become the law of the American land. John Adams and Thomas Jefferson were two influential individuals, who were originally involved in the writing of the Declaration of Independence. Both were involved in the political side of the Revolutionary war, but when speaking of it, told alternate versions of the war. As they approached the end of their lives, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams dedicated themselves to telling extremely differentiating versions of theRead MoreThe Presidency Of Thomas Jefferson Essay981 Words   |  4 PagesThe Presidency of Thomas Jefferson By: Hayden Osborne The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson- Written by Forrest McDonald, published by the University Press of Kansas in 1976, 169 pages excluding the appendix, 201 pages including the appendix. The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson outlines our third President’s youth, his time as Secretary of State under George Washington, as well as his time in office. However, due to the length of this book, my focus will lie on section two, titled The Republican Tack:Read MoreAnalysis Of The Apostle Of Republican Liberty760 Words   |  4 PagesThe Apostle of Republican Liberty stresses the accomplishments and republican vision of Thomas Jefferson which made America become a thriving nation of small, independent farmers, avoiding manufacturing and world trade, and becoming the richest and most powerful nation in the world in the 19th century. Eugene R. Sheridan focuses on Jefferson’s influence in Americas early development. Jefferson is the greatest and most intellectually consistent founding father, both respected and criticized inRead MoreThe Legacy Of The American Civil Rights During The Jeffersonian Era992 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the Jeffersonian Era, there was a dramatic role switch between Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson and President Thomas Jefferson. Some historians argue that Jefferson was hypocritical in his administration, while others argue that he was simply being practical and pragmatic. During his tenure as Secretary of State, Jefferson heavily opposed Alexander Hamilton’s fiscal policy, mainly the funding on war debts. An avid participant of the Democratic-Republican party, Jefferson favored states’Read MoreThe Second President Of The United States953 Words   |  4 Pagesmost influential and devoted people in American history, Thomas Jefferson. He published many works that expressed his views of how to strengthen government in America and put power in the hands o f the citizens (Wagoner, 2004, pg.19). Throughout my learning experience, Jefferson has been one of the three presidents, besides Andrew Jackson and Abraham Lincoln, who I have gained an interest in because of what he accomplished during his presidency and his advocacy for a better system of government in the

Essay on T.S. Eliot Poetry Analysis - 1597 Words

Till Human Voices Wake Us:and We Drown Analysis of T.S. Eliots Poem â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† and Till Human Voices Wake Us T.S. Eliots â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† embodies many of the different feelings of Americans during the Modernist movement. Prufrock was seen as the prototype of the modern man, it is through his character in this poem that T.S. Eliot shows how man felt insecure, how the new theories of psychology were changing the concept of the mind and how society was becoming more doubtful and indecisive and less of an action taking people. The film Till Human Voices Wake Us, uses Eliots poem as a base to showcase these ideas and to show how dreams and the past can help shape a man. . Prufrock is†¦show more content†¦He says I instead of we or mentioning he walked with someone. He is also showing that he is not the only lonely man in the city. There are lonely men, more than one, hanging out of windows, as if they are waiting for someone to come by, someon e to spend time with, someone to share their own insecurities with. This idea of loneliness is similar in the movie, Ruby shows up also alone. She doesnt know where she belongs, and has no one in her life. Both Ruby and Sam are forced to interact with one another and face their loneliness. Prufrocks insecurities showcased as he doubts what he is capable of. In lines 81 through 86 he again says I, showing it was him alone, and he talks about how his bald head is brought on a platter. Eliot, who loved to reference the past, is alluding to the story of John the Baptists beheading. Prufrock goes on to say, â€Å"I am no prophet- and heres no great matter;†(83) He is implying that he is not as important, and his moment of greatness is just a â€Å"flicker†(84) and in the moment he was afraid. His fear emphasizes his feeling of inadequacy, by comparing it to the greatness of John the Baptist. He is once more showing how much self doubt he has, he does not believe himself t o be a great man or capable of great things. Sam also looks to the past and it emphasizes his insecurities. He is constantly remembering theShow MoreRelatedThe Era Of Modernism : What People Do People Perceive Through Their Perceptions?945 Words   |  4 Pagesyears of Modernism, T.S. Eliot, Virginia Woolf, and Dylan Thomas established the foundations for modern literature, defining Modernism for the world. Although Modernism is very difficult to define and pinpoint, the Modern writers in England certainty changed the age with their writing. While there were many famous writers of the time, a very distinct and powerful writers was T.S. Eliot. Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in St. Louis, Missouri (Greenblatt 1298). Although T.S. Eliot was born in the UnitedRead MoreTradition And The Individual Talent944 Words   |  4 Pagesand critic T.S. Eliot believes tradition in a poetry sense varies through cultures, through time, and it is ever changing. In Eliot’s critical analysis â€Å"Tradition and the Individual Talent† tradition is something considered passed down but in a poetry sense, it is something that is not inherited, it is something that requires great ambition and focus to learn from past poets. A great poet must learn from predecessors of the difficult art before he or she takes to writing great poetry. According toRead MoreAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Ess ay1367 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Eliot, a master of the written craft, carefully thought out each aspect of his 1925 poem The Hollow Men. Many differences in interpretation exist for Eliots complex poetry. One issue never debated is the extensive range of things to consider in his TS Eliots writing. Because TS Eliot often intertwined his writing by having one piece relate to another The Hollow Men is sometimes considered a mere appendage to The Waste Land. The Hollow MenRead MoreCritical Analysis : The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock895 Words   |  4 PagesEssay Two- Critical Analysis Writing a critical analysis is diving into the text. Readers must break down all parts of the text and pin pointing the author s purpose for the writing. A very challenging poem to analysis is T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†. It has been declared that â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† started that Anglo-American modernist movement with poetry. The poem was the first poem with American poetry to flow free verse. At the time, it was deemedRead MoreThe Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pageshistorical context of a particular poem Poem: T. S. Eliot, ‘The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock The context of any given text whether poetry, novels or a movie is always integral to its understanding. Social and historical context of not only the given text, but the writer’s context and reader’s context play an important role in the interpretation and understanding of the major ideas, issues, values and beliefs within the text. T.S (Thomas Stearns) Eliot was one of the twentieth century’s major poetsRead MoreT.S. Eliots View of the Human Condition in The Hollow Men Essay856 Words   |  4 Pages T. S. Eliot was a man who strongly believed that poetry should represent life. He knew that life was complex, so that is why his poetry was difficult to understand not only for students writing research papers, but also for critics. He was the backbone of modernist poetry, who wrote mostly about darkness, despair, and depression in life. He tried and succeeded to capture the torment of the world during World War 1 and World War II (Shmoop T.S. Eliot). Eliot’s view of the human condition isRead MoreT.S. Eliot the Wasteland Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesWrite a critical analysis, focusing particularly on what makes your chosen passage a piece of Modernist writing. Unreal City, Under the brown fog of a winter dawn, A crowd flowed over London Bridge, so many, I had not thought death had undone so many. Sighs, short and infrequent, were exhaled, And each man fixed his eyes before his feet. Flowed up the hill and down King William Street, To where Saint Mary Woolnoth kept the hours With a dead sound on the final stroke of nine. There I sawRead MoreAnalysis Of. Eliot s The Four Quartets And `` The Waste Land ``1784 Words   |  8 PagesI. Introduction to T.S Eliot T.S. Eliot wrote poems that communicated his antagonistic perspectives of life, mankind, and his general surroundings by exemplifying and escalating particular angles and analogies in his written work. T.S. Eliot was born in 1888 and lived during early 1900 s and was a part of Modernist Period. He lived throughout two world wars and struggled with poverty and oppression which impacted his writings. Eliot wrote The Four Quartets and The Waste Land which are importantRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Cousin Nancy And Morning At The Window Poem Analysis And Exploration1475 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Cousin Nancy† and â€Å"Morning at the Window† Poem Analysis and Exploration Cousin Nancy By T. S. Eliot Miss Nancy Ellicott Strode across the hills and broke them, Rode across the hills and broke them — The barren New England hills — Riding to hounds Over the cow-pasture. Miss Nancy Ellicott smoked And danced all the modern dances; And her aunts were not quite sure how they felt about it, But they knew that it was modern. Upon the glazen shelves kept watch MatthewRead MoreEssay about Modernism in T.s. Eliotss the Wasteland885 Words   |  4 PagesModernism in T.S. Eliots The Wasteland Modernism has been defined as a rejection of traditional 19th-century norms, whereby artists, architects, poets and thinkers either altered or abandoned earlier conventions in an attempt to re-envision a society in flux. In literature this included a progression from objectivist optimism to cynical relativism expressed through fragmented free verse containing complex, and often contradictory, allusions, multiple points of view and other poetic devices

Mgmt520 Week 1 Assignment Essay examples - 692 Words

1. This story is about the Supreme Court’s decision. What process did this case have to go through to get to the Supreme Court? Parties who are not satisfied with the decision of a lower court must petition the U.S. Supreme Court to hear their case. The primary means to petition the court for review is to ask it to grant a writ of certiorari. This is a request that the Supreme Court order a lower court to send up the record of the case for review (Supreme Court Decisions, 2015). 2. In the story, two justices wrote differing opinions about the issue. Discuss the differences between a majority opinion, a concurring opinion, and a dissenting opinion. What effect does each type of opinion have on the state of the law in America? The†¦show more content†¦Rule 23.1 governs derivative suits in which a plaintiff seeks to assert a right belonging to a corporation (or similar entity) in which the plaintiff is a shareholder, on behalf of the corporation that is not pursuing the claim itself. Rule 23.2 governs actions by or against unincorporated associations (Rule 23, 2009). Diversity of citizenship is one of the factors that will allow a federal district court to exercise its authority to hear a lawsuit. This authority is called diversity jurisdiction. It means that a case involving questions that must be answered according to state laws may be heard in federal court if the parties on the two sides of the case are from different states. No matter how many parties are involved in a lawsuit, there must be complete diversity in order for the federal court to exercise this type of authority. If a single plaintiff is a citizen of the same state as any defendant, there is no diversity and the case must be pursued in a state court (Diversity, n.d.). Because the defendants were from the same state as the plaintiff, this would not fall under a diversity of citizenship case. This case was about equal opportunity and gender discrimination not about diversity in the sense of cultural diversity. References Diversity of Citizenship legal definition of Diversity of Citizenship. (n.d.). Retrieved fromShow MoreRelatedEssay on Mgt 520 Final Exam Study1408 Words   |  6 PagesMGMT520 Final Exam Study Guide Finals open on Saturday April 20  at 12:01 a.m. MT (Saturday morning) Finals close on Thursday April 25 at 11:59 p.m. MT (Thursday night) PLEASE DON’T WAIT TILL THE LAST MINUTE – THE SYSTEM IS BUSY AND MAY SLOW DOWN AND ANYTHING CAN HAPPEN. YOU MAY WANT TO PRINT THIS GUIDE. 1. The final exam is open book, open notes. The maximum time you can spend in the exam is 3 hours, 30 minutes. If you have not clicked the Submit For Grade button by then, you will be automatically

Tasks Of The Early Childhood Educator Education Essay Free Essays

One of the many undertakings of the early childhood pedagogue is to maintain abreast of current research developments in the field. Research on encephalon development, larning schemes, counsel techniques, and working with parents, and so forth has dramatically altered and hopefully improved pattern over the old ages. Undertaking Select three documents from any of the issues of Early Childhood Research A ; Practice listed in the right-hand border. We will write a custom essay sample on Tasks Of The Early Childhood Educator Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lone documents are acceptable. â€Å" Features † or â€Å" Observations and Contemplations † are non allowed since they are non research based. Early on Childhood Research A ; Practice Once you have selected three documents of involvement to you, and they need non cover the same subject, read them and so finish a brief reappraisal of each article. For each reappraisal, please utilize the lineation format below: Title and writer of article Brief sum-up of the article ( delight make non retype the abstract or the drumhead ; sum up the article in your ain words ) Purpose of the article Population studied Decisions presented in the article How you would use this research in an early instruction scene. Submission The article reappraisal is due in Assignments, Tests and Surveys on Tuesday, February 23rd by 11:30pm. This assignment is deserving 50 points. A 15-point late tax write-off will be taken for work submitted beyond the due day of the month. The last twenty-four hours to subject late work is May 18th at 11:30pm. The rating rubric that will be used to measure this assignment is located in Resources on the left-hand pilotage tree. Please note: Merely articles from the Early Childhood Research A ; Practice Journal may be used. If articles from other beginnings are used, they will non be counted. All work must be original. Work plagiarized from any other beginning — that is taken and presented as the pupil ‘s ain when it was in fact written by person else — will ensue in a zero.A This includes copying and gluing content from any of the articles chose, or any other articles. In add-on, the plagiaristic work will be submitted to the Vice President of Student Services for his rating of academic dishonesty. Please be forewarned Title and writer of article â€Å" Fits and Anxiety in Early Childhood: A Pilot Study † Written by Gina Mireault and Jessica Trahan Brief drumhead Harmonizing to the writers of â€Å" Tantrums and Anxiety in Early Childhood: A Pilot Study, † the anxiousness of kids could hold a important relationship with the fits, every bit good as be factor that cause them. Analyzing fits and its factors is of import because of concerns about holding long permanent consequence in kids ‘s behaviour and guarantee the best signifiers to antagonize those. The survey ‘s information, gathered by the kids ‘s parents, utilizing steps as Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist ( CBCL ) and Tantrum Questionnaire, showed that there is n’t any relationship that anxiousness could be a factor responsible for fits neither that have any connexion. However, the writers, concludes that consequences can alter since that population participated in this research was a little proportion and it ca n’t be generalized, every bit good as because others question originate about if with different mechanism fits and anxiousness could be associated. Purpose of the article The intent of the article was to analyze the fits, as their factors and their facets ; a good as to decide the premise that anxiousness could be besides a factor that cause those frequent and common fits on kids. Furthermore, the survey besides would aim if the counteract actions to halt those could besides hold a relation with anxiousness. Population studied In this survey a little group participated ; integrated by 33 kids, 15 males and 18 females, between the ages of 3 and 5, and their several parents. Decisions presented in the article The research conclude that after garnering all the information with the aid of the kids ‘s parents, the survey showed that the fit ‘s frequence on the bulk of the kids studied was that fits occurred frequently and those were noticeable and deflecting. However, anxiousness was non found to be a factor that could do fits neither to hold any relation with the fits ‘ facets. Since, this research was non generalized and it pop out another of import inquiries, that writers suggest that consider that anxiousness could be link to fits and to care about the manner to manage kids ‘s fits. How you would use this research in an early instruction scene. This research was really interesting since it showed me some fits ‘ factors and the usual parenting signifiers to manage those. After to cognize that is true that there are non many researches on fits and if anxiousness could be an of import factor to do them ; I would genuinely be cognizant and consciously ascertained kids fits in my work puting as an early childhood instructor. Since, anxiousness could genuinely be a linked to fits, observation demands to be primary before I could move to a kid ‘s fits, so I can do a good pick to pull off those without impacting the kid in any manner. Title and writer of article â€Å" Who ‘s the Boss? Young Children ‘s Power and Influence in an Early Childhood Classroom. Written by Yoon-Joo Lee and Susan L. Recchia Brief sum-up of the article ( delight make non retype the abstract or the drumhead ; sum up the article in your ain words ) In the research â€Å" Who ‘s the Boss? Young Children ‘s Power and Influence in an Early Childhood Classroom, † authors Yoon-Joo Lee and Susan L. Recchia present their survey about the impact and the ways that kids ‘s power influence the schoolroom ‘ socialisation. Different illustrations where addressed about how the function of power of three preschool kids made a powerful influence towards their other schoolmates and sometimes towards their instructors. The kids ‘ power made instructors felt challenged by these kids and at times they might non even realize they were being influenced. The consequences showed that this powerful influence had an impact, both positive and negative. The writers suggest that teacher demand to analyse every state of affairs where powerful influence by kids could go on, to accomplish a balance of power where all the kids ‘s voices can be heard, and encouraged equal chance. Purpose of the article The intent was to analyze the kids ‘s influential power that is seen over other kids and over their ain instructors, every bit good as the consequence that it has within socialisation in a preschool category. Population studied Three preschool kids were studied, with the helped of two caput instructors that were able to reply interviews about this kids and themselves. Decisions presented in the article The writers conclude that Children ‘s influential power towards other kids could be positive, because it makes kids be engaged in some other enriched activities but besides this influential power can be negative because sometimes unfairness takes topographic point in some schoolroom activities by these influential kids. Furthermore, the writers addressed that instructor uncomfortable manner towards this kids ‘s behaviour could be based on the manner of the instructor ‘s thoughts of a democratic schoolroom, and the instructor ‘s manner to work out some state of affairss, non ever is the best manner, since in some of this state of affairss instructor may let some kids to hold more power than the others, even though this is non their purpose. How you would use this research in an early instruction scene. The article showed me many interesting illustrations of how some kids could hold influential power over other and even over teacher without these notice it. I have n’t had the chance to witness this function of power by preschool kids, but I had observed some kids of my vicinity and it ‘s truly true how this power impact other kids in negative ways and positive every bit good. I would use this research as based to how to manage some powerful state of affairs by kids where I ‘ll making my practicum, so avoid the error of giving more power to some kids than other. Nevertheless, I will necessitate to be alert in every state of affairs, carefully detecting, to guarantee a democratic schoolroom environment. Title and writer of article Exposure to Media Violence and Other Correlates of Aggressive Behavior in Preschool Children Written by Laura A. Daly and Linda M. Perez Brief sum-up of the article Harmonizing to the writers of â€Å" Exposure to Media Violence and Other Correlates of Aggressive Behavior in Preschool Children, † the aggressive behaviour was led by the possible chief influence by Television force plans that preschool kids watched. Reaching methods found that watching violent Television plans is n’t a chief beginning that produce a alteration on kids ‘s behaviour, nevertheless, it can act upon the kid ‘s behaviour with the accompany of other factors. Gender, male parent ‘s presence, female parent ‘s age, and a hapless self- ordinance were address to be other influential factors that contribute to an aggressive behaviour. Nevertheless, the writers conclude that since the kids are in the procedure of self-regulation that sum of violent Television plans seen by preschool kids have to be reduced. Purpose of the article The intent of the research was to happen out if force shows in telecasting scheduling could be related with violent aggression seen in preschool kids during their drama clip, every bit good as to analyze other factors and variables as the kid ‘s gender and age, that influence a alteration in the kids ‘s behaviour. Population studied The population that participated in the survey was integrated by 30 preschool instructors and 70 kids, 32 females and 38 males ; they were from seven different preschools, every bit good as the kids ‘s parents. Decisions presented in the article The force in telecasting that kids ticker was non the chief factor that made the kids act sharply during their drama times ; nevertheless it is an of import influential via that together with the low self-regulation that preschool kids have, together with gender, can carry on to hold an aggressive behaviour. Furthermore, research workers found that as the female parent age, kids ‘s age and the fact that kids were populating with both of their parents were the chief factors that led to hold a higher self- ordinance and for blink of an eye a better pro-social behaviour. How you would use this research in an early instruction scene. Reading through this research, it was possible to be cognizant about the factors that make kids act sharply during their clip to play. This research was really helpful every bit good in the fact that led instructors knows that we truly need to be a good support for kids in the manner as assistants for their development of their self- ordinance. Teachers know now that kids do non move sharply merely because they are been disrespectful ; alternatively this behaviour is influenced by many factors including their undeveloped prefrontal cerebral mantle. Teachers decidedly ca n’t avoid kids to watch TVs plans that content force, nevertheless instructors can be a good support to assist them and steer them on commanding their behaviour. How to cite Tasks Of The Early Childhood Educator Education Essay, Essay examples

Climate Change to Continue

Question: Is there suppressed evidence? Are the premises acceptable? Do the premises logically support the editorials conclusion? How does the author use language to persuade or mislead the reader? Answer: Review According to Kate Yandell, in her article Climate Change to Continue published on January 15th, 2013 she has given us a brief idea about the change of climate that is taking place every second in this world in her article. The major premises of her article are as follows- Friday January 11th United States federal advisory committee confirms that climate change is affecting nation and will continue to affect till certain measures are taken. Change in climate has already doubled the risk of excessive heat, increase in rainfall associated with severe thunderstorms. Statistics shows that summers are five degrees hotter and winters are five degree cooler since the five years. And the difference in the extreme temperatures is going to increase exponentially. From the above detail study this article throws light in the issues of global warming which is a major concern of the 21st century and it should be dealt with very caution. The quality of this article will increase the awareness of the environmentalists and the people. The article has enough evidence to highlight the threats of global warming and the continuous climate change in the world. The article has provided logical reasons which support the current status of the climatic changes in the world. According to Dr. Richard the sea levels will rise by 1 meter in the next decade and there would be exponential rise in the sea level if the climatic changes and global warming is not dealt with. Thus the article helps to spread awareness among the readers. Reference: Meier, Mark F., and John M. Wahr. "Sea level is rising: Do we know why?" Proceedings of the Natural Academy of Sciences (May 14, 2002), 6524-26. Gordon, David George. "Global Warming: Sweating the Small Stuff." National Geographic Kids (April 2003), 34-5.

Working with and Leading People Business Management

Questions: Task 1 Scenario LSBF needs to recruit a Business tutor for its HND Business programme for the next semester. As a Recruitment Manager, you were asked to prepare the Recruitment Procedure, job description and person specification to be followed to guide the other members of the Team and for documentation purpose. As part of the recruitment, you need to select two CVs from any job portals or website and analyse them in terms of candidates suitability for the job. This example will illustrate the Recruitment procedure details which cannot be all written down. 1.1 Write the Recruitment Procedure, job description and person specification to select and recruit a new Business tutor.1.2 Assess the impact of legal, regulatory and ethical considerations to the recruitment and selection process for above case if applicable.1.3 Write a report demonstrating the selection process that took place in order to recruit a new Business tutor.1.4 Evaluate your contribution as the Recruitment Manager in the above selection process. Task 2 Right Boss, Wrong Company Brenda Hogan was continuously on top of things. In school, she had always been at the top of her class. When she went to work for her uncles shoe business, Fancy Footwear, she had been singled out as the most productive employee and the one with the best attendance. The company was so impressed with her that it sent her to get an M.B.A. to groom her for a top management position. In school again, and with three years of practical experience to draw on, Hogan had gobbled up every idea put in front of her, relating many of them to her work at Fancy Footwear. When Hogan graduated she returned to Fancy Footwear. To no ones surprise, when the head of the companys largest division took advantage of the firms early retirement plan, Hogan was given his position. Hogan knew the pitfalls of being suddenly catapulted to a leadership position, and she was determined to avoid them. In business school, she had read cases about family businesses that fell apart when a young family member took over with an iron fist, barking out orders, cutting personnel, and destroying morale. Hogan knew a lot about participative management, and she was not going to be labelled an arrogant know-it-all. Hogans predecessor, Max Worthy, had run the division from an office at the top of the building, far above the factory floor. Two or three times a day, Worthy would summon a messenger or a secretary from the offices on the second floor and send a memo out to one or another group of workers. But as Hogan saw it, Worthy was mostly an absentee autocrat, making all the decisions from above and spending most of his time at extended lunches with his friends from the Rotary Club. Hogans first move was to change all that. She set up her office on the second floor. From her always-open doorway she could see down onto the factory floor, and as she sat behind her desk she could spot anyone walking by in the hall. She never ate lunch herself but spent the time from 11 to 2 down on the floor, walking around, talking, and organizing groups. The workers, many of whom had twenty years of seniority at the plant, seemed surprised by this new policy and reluctant to volunteer for any groups. But in fairly short order, Hogan established a worker productivity group, a "Suggestion of the Week" committee, an environmental group, a worker award group, and a management relations group. Each group held two meetings a week, one without and one with Hogan. She encouraged each group to set up goals in its particular focus area and develop plans for reaching those goals. She promised any support that was within her power to give. The group work was agonizingly slow at first. But Hogan had been well trained as a facilitator, and she soon took on that role in their meetings, writing down ideas on a big board, organizing them, and later communicating them in notices to other employees. She got everyone to call her "Betty" and set herself the task of learning all their names. By the end of the first month, Fancy Footwear was stirred up. But as it turned out, that was the last thing most employees wanted. The truth finally hit Hogan when the entire management relations committee resigned at the start of their fourth meeting. "Im sorry, Ms. Hogan," one of them said. "Were good at making shoes, but not at this management stuff. A lot of us are heading toward retirement. We dont want to be supervisors." Astonished, Hogan went to talk to the workers with whom she believed she had built good relations. Yes, they reluctantly told her, all these changes did make them uneasy. They liked her, and they didnt want to complain. But given the choice, they would rather go back to the way Mr. Worthy had run things. They never saw Mr. Worthy much, but he never got in their hair. He did his work, whatever that was, and they did theirs. "After youve been in a place doing one thing for so long," one worker concluded, "the last thing you want to do is learn a new way of doing it." Answer the following questions: 2.1 Explain the skills and attributes needed for leadership.2.2 Explain the difference between leadership and management.2.3 Compare the leadership styles of Mr. Worthy and Ms. Hogan.2.4 How do you think the people under Ms. Hogan can be motivated? Explain how Ms. Hogan can motivate the staff to achieve the objectives. Task 3 You currently work as a customer service officer in a busy customer service department. At the moment the company is looking to recruit a Department Manager who can effectively run the department in order to improve the customer satisfaction by 15% by the end of 2014. As part of the selection process, the candidates should demonstrate their ability to work in a team. Therefore you were asked to answer the following questions: 3.1 Assess the benefits of team working for the above mentioned organisation, 3.2. Discuss how working in a team as a leader would differ from working as a team member. Your answer should include working towards specific goals, dealing with any conflict or difficult situations.3.3. Suggest how you will review the effectiveness of the team in achieving the above goal. Task 4 You are the HR Manager at LSBF and need to prepare a report to the board of directors regarding the progress of the members of the Vocational School. 4.1 Explain the factors involved in planning the monitoring and assessment of work performance for the above member.4.2 Make a plan to assess the development needs of individuals and how to implement it.4.3 Evaluate the success of the assessment process. How will you assess the success of the assessment process with respect to the goals. Answers: Task 1 1.1 The recruitment procedure is a formalized methodology to select a new employee or tutor in this case. The initial step is to identify the vacancy and evaluate the requirements of the position. Thereafter, a detailed description is provided with a recruitment plan. Recruiting committee is selected and finalized for interviews. Interviews, assessments and sessions are carried out and reviewing of applications take place to shortlist some candidates. After selection and hiring recruitment is made as a final decision. Hence, this recruitment procedure can be shortlisted as setup, sourcing, screening, schedule, feedback, offering, onboarding (Taylor, 1987) with recruitment. LSBF is a leading business and management school and is inviting application for the post of HND Business tutor for the next semester. It will be a five hour tutorial everyday on five days a week with initial monitoring. You must comply with the minimum requirement of having an MBA degree from a registered Business School and must have an experience of teaching of two years or more. Curriculum will be provided at the onset to prepare in advance for the lectures and tutorials. There would be weekly reports given to the managers of the institution regarding progress of the class in weekly assessments or projects. The roles of the job are to make students understand the core concepts of the syllabus in both theoretical and practical way. They must be given real life problems and solutions pertaining to contemporary time. The tutor will be given some resources for teaching however, he can request for additional resources from the library. There will be a full fledged selection procedure for this post. Tutor shall be monitored for a period of time and thereafter must be made permanent to the institute after monitoring the progress and feedback of the students. 1.2 There are various acts, laws, legal considerations and ethical implications for recruitment and selection process. Under the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 there is opposition for sex discrimination and discrimination carried out on the basis of marriage so as to promote and foster equal opportunity between both men and women in the field of job. The Age Discrimination in Employment Act 1967 forbids the discrimination against employees of at least 40 years (Gregory, 1987) This act prohibits discrimination in hiring or termination of employees, denial of benefits to older employees. Americans with Disabilities Act 1990 is a civil right that prohibits discrimination done on the basis of physical disability and on the other hand Civil Rights Act of 1964 curbed discrimination against sex, religion, caste, religion, color etc. These formal laws have to be followed while recruiting the tutor. According to the laws of the University, the applicant should have a right to live and work in UK . He must have a work permit and a valid license. According to the ethics, there shall be no partiality or biased results and the most deserving candidate shall get the post. There is no room for nepotism in any form and unworthy people do not get access to jobs by the virtue of their relatives. 1.3 The selection process for the post was a three step procedure that had panel of experts involved at various stages. The first phase was the written examination that tested the intellectual level and intelligence quotient of the applicants. This was designed by one of the present faculty member. This contained practical application questions with real life problems to get a better knowledge about skills of the applicant. Soon after the written examination there was a procedure for shortlisting of the candidates based over computerized checking of the answer sheets prepared by OMR technology (Callaghan, 2002). The results were declared and the candidates were shortlisted. Thereafter, an interview was designed which was aimed to be both structural and non-structural. I designed a part of the structural interview to be asked from a business management faculty. This included case studies, scenarios, questions about experience, some distinguished skills, course related theoretical ques tions and some more. There were three members in the panel out of which one was me. There was another expert from the recruiting team and the third person was an analyst who noticed the body language, level of confidence, way of communicating and command over answers by staying silent during the process. After a long round of interview session we collaborated our views and took some time to further shortlist the applicants. We had mixed views and perspectives about each of the candidate and hence the decision took time. Thereafter, demo classes were arranged in the form of a presentation where the classroom had a few students and experts from the selection panel. Students were asked about the reviews based on a rating scale and experts gave their personal opinions which on collaborating with other results gave a final candidate to be recruited. After verifying his documents, final result was declared and he was appointed as the new faculty member. This whole selection process evalua ted the competencies and skills of a HND Business Tutor. These attributes adorned the process of selection by raising the level of interactivity and communication between the two ends. 1.4 My contribution as a recruiter manager was to monitor the tasks of the team in each phase of selection process. I was responsible to craft a piece of structural interview for the process of selection and then control other tasks performed by other members of recruitment. I kept a check on the structure of the written paper and ensured its safety. Thereafter, I had a meeting with the experts involved in the selection and recruitment process to guide them a smooth functioning of the interview. I personally had a word with the analyst to ensure a deep insight into the applicants mindset and confidence level. I guided the team to have a proper analysis of the results and to come on an intellectual decision so as to make the right choice for the university. From the initiation of the selection process till the selection of the final candidate, my task was primary to control the tasks. Hence, my productive contribution was to prepare a rough template or the draft for the structured int erview so as to ease up process of face to face interview for a better analysis. Task 2 2.1 Leadership is a trait that adorns an organization by a sense of WE to inspire the followers and refine mutual skills for the growth and success of a company. Leaders should have some unique skills so as to create and sustain a culture that fosters personal and professional growth. Leadership is an amalgamation of leaders experience, introspection ability, influential charisma and flexible approach. A leader should have an inherent ability to delegate the followers by having an insight into their interest. Communication skills in a leader is a key to successful legacy as what can be accomplished by an open communication, cannot be achieved by a strict formal rule. The ability of a leaders should be clearly, completely, and comprehensively (Connelly, 2000) describe all the important tasks and information. In addition to disseminating information, he should be an active listener to strengthen the team relationships and to monitor the organization. A healthy line of communication is catalyst for work productivity and hence it opens the doors for all together new opportunities. Confidence is an attribute which increases the focus and the level of commitment towards work. It is the key to keep everyone moving onto a fast pace. A positive attitude is the motivational factor for the team as it keeps the enthusiasm level really up. It helps to keep the mood light and productivity is kept at a playful mood. A leader must be creative and innovative so as to fit in this dynamically changing environment and requirements of the market. It is the secret ingredient to set the course of management onto a correct path. It is essential to think out of the box and to come up with the best possible idea to implement a methodology. Being able to set fire in the organization and inspire the team to build a great level of concentration to keep the morale high, energy levels escalated, and a deeper perspective into work. He must have analytical and problem solving skills by becomin g flexible, adaptable, flexible and open minded. He must be able to utilize the features of the technology to analyze the information and come on an intellectual result. He must have the ability to dwell deeper into the domain of the problem and find innovative solutions to fix them. He must be strategically competent (Mumford, 2000) by having a commendable level of intellect. Above all, he should be a great learner to adapt to the required situation and learn from the mistakes committed. He must focus on the vision and focus on the bigger picture of the scenario. It is impossible to summarize all the leadership traits as it depends upon various other factors and situations. Leadership is therefore, amalgamation of intellect, patience, innovation, cooperation, flexibility, agility, competency, focus, confidence and a willpower to work for the task undertaken. 2.2 Leadership and Management are two closely related terms which are both intertwined yet different. Management is an art to administer the methods, follow the genre of legacy of famous managers to bring about a change and maintains the position of the company on a successful level. Management lays its focus over structure and the system to exert control. Management is to keenly vision the bottom line with a short ranged views (Kotterman, 2006) and ideas for the company. As it is said that management is to do the things in a right manner whereas leadership is all about doing right things only. Leadership is based over innovation and the true essence of leadership is in originality of thoughts rather than implementation of orthodox management principles in the organization. Leadership has the aim to inspire the trust of the team and focus over the human resources by having a long ranged vision. Leadership sets its focus beyond the horizon to innovate, initiate and invent. Leadership develops a following to refine the skills and to challenge the present status quo of the society. Leadership is mercurial and brilliant in comparison with management to be rational and structural. Leadership is achievement oriented with a factor of Eureka and management has its outcomes as results. Management revolves around the buzz words of planning, budgeting, organizing, controlling, coordinating, time management, resource management, decision making and problem solving. Leadership on the other hand revolves around the ethics of vision, motivation, team work, persuasion, inspiration, relation building, counselling, listening, coaching and mentoring. Leadership and management are like reflection of each other with subtle differences that have impact over the employees or followers. It is recommended to be more of a leader and less of a manager so as to sustain the organizational health and growth. Therefore, leadership and management goes hand in hand with each other with subtle differences and visible attributes that differ in approach and operational strategies. 2.3 The leadership styles of Mr. Worthy and Ms. Hogan were remarkably different which had varied impact over the team in the organization. The employees were adaptive to the leadership style of Mr. Worthy and hence a sudden transition of management made them uncomfortable and forced them to give resignation from the job. The leadership style of Mr. Worthy was under the tag of Laissez-Faire. He lacked a direction of supervision exerted over his employees and was least involved directly with the organization. He gave some of the powers to workers to work according to their whims and fancies without commanding directly over their heads. It is also termed as hands-off leadership where the top manager is not directly involved with the team in the work. The leader is responsible for delegating the tasks to the workforce and not putting his nose into their work by providing little or no direction to the followers. There is a high degree of autonomy in this type of leadership and a self rule is formed (Goodnight, 2004) into the organization. He completed the required work for a manager but hardly interfered with the team. He used to send his subordinates or secretaries for the workshop tour but never approached them directly. He hardly monitored the performance or had meetings and the feedback was as given by his trusted employees. There was a level of high job satisfaction with an appreciable production and productivity. Mr. Worthy used to provide with the necessary tools and resources and under his rule the group members were expected to solve the problems of the organization on their own without the interference of the top leader. But there was a sudden transition from Laissez Faire leadership style towards a Participative and Democratic Leadership style in which Ms. Hogan changed the course of management. Having her office in the building compartment she had all time control over the team. On one side she meant that a healthy, collaborative and open environment will enhance the productivity as problems will come up easily and solutions will be formulated effectively. But, she didnt know that the team members had become adaptive to the Laissez Faire style of leadership. They did not accept direct intervention and intrusion of the leader and felt themselves to be bound in the tentacles of the manager. There is a high involvement in leadership and decision making with constant meetings and discussion boards. With incoming of so many departments for control, people started feeling suppressed and controlled which was against their work ethics. In participative or democratic leadership there is a requirement for ac tive member participation, fair praise, collective decision making, open communication, timely meetings etc. There is an enhancement in collaboration rather than commitment. With this style, there is a close setting of the leader and the team by focusing on relationships and building rapports. Participative leadership was not at all suitable in this case where the team and group leaders were autonomous to make their decisions and were not much into on-the spot regular meetings and discussion boards. 2.4 To get the staff functional again with the present leadership style of Ms. Hogan, she should have realized that the leadership style should have been shifted and changed at a slower pace, she should have gone to a deeper level in the mindset of the employees and should have gone at a slower pace of change. Instead of having her office right at the outset of workshop she could have arranged workshop tours in a day so as to make the employees feel a bit free to work at their style. And moreover, instead of necessary meetings she could have made the provision of calling a direct meeting in case of any query or conflict. Now since, the matter had gone worse, she should restore back to the type of leadership Mr. Worthy practiced by bringing timely and subtle changes in the leadership style. She should remove all the constraints and restriction of meetings. She should motivate the employees by trusting their skills and style of work and making them understand that the involvement is fo r the betterment of the company rather than keeping an eye on the workers and their style of working. She should arise a sense of confidence in the employees and must work as per the required level of interference. She must openly claim that in case of any issues, there will be a provision of meeting and for all the groups maintained she must have a periodic check with lesser constraints and regulations. The employees can be motivated by making them believe that their work is appreciated and not negatively monitored. She must ask for the time of a month for resettlement of the company on the basis of a mutual style which is beneficial both for the company and the employees. They must have a feeling of freedom along with an open communication so as to form a perfect blend of both the leadership styles and coming upon to a compromised and mid-way leadership style. For the piece of final recommendation, it should be noted that Laissez-Faire leadership theory should be slowly transforme d into participative and democratic theory of leadership by small scaled involvement, subtle control, smooth transitions. This slower change will motivate the employees to adopt to new style of leadership as democratic leadership is the voice of contemporary world where employees need to have an open discussion panel and portals for every upcoming issue. Task 3 3.1 In a scenario of a busy customer service department, where the aim is to enhance the curve of customer satisfaction by another 15% by the end of this year, there is a requirement of a sincere, collaborative and concentrated team work. When the tasks of a department are so many and employees are continuously working, team work helps in making the tasks divided and hence helps in producing a better output with a higher efficiency report. With accomplishment of collaborative tasks the efficiency can enhance and enrich. With efforts of many employees and higher contribution from all, the speed of tasks will be faster and the activities may be completed in a shorter span of time. There is a scope of bundle of ideas which can mushroom up in any ones mind and come up in the form of a collaborative idea. There will be many analytical styles of problem solving applied to a problem and hence solution will be innovative and quick. There is an essence of mutual support where team members can rely upon others for a shared goal and a sense of motivation and encouragement. There is refinement in a greater sense for accomplishment (Barry, 1999) where members take collective responsibility for all the consequences and outcomes. Therefore, there is a value creation by the team to enrich overall effectiveness of the team. There is a wide opportunity to learn from each other in the team. There is a high potential for cross training where people learn internal to the team and there is a mode of flexibility for reaching up to the potentials. There are synergistic collaboration and blend of ideas and abilities of the team members. There may be provisions for innovations, creativities, inventions and some approaches towards setting up newer limits. There may be an open, healthy and effective communication building up a professional and personal identity with a facilitated level of information exchange. There is a scope for greater degree of autonomy, identity, variety, acceptance, understanding, significance and feedback for all the team members and hence this team work is the key to successful operations in a business. A foundational level of trust gets inbuilt within the team members with a degree of transparency. The overall commitment of the team may be a stimulating factor for the attendance and respo nsibility of the team members. With a healthy diversity in a group, members tend to perform better on an individual level to give their best as an input. There is a keen focus over bigger picture and the trajectory of success has an increasing shape. Most importantly in this type of department, stress among the individuals reduces and it leads to a better physical and mental health. The morale of the individuals boost up so as to have a control of the team tasks. There is increased morality with extra accountability. A team work can give an extra sense of belonging and a stamp of recognition to take more pride in the team work and outshine other teams. Working in a team is not only the secret to highlight the strengths of an individual but it also makes room for compensating the weaker areas of a person too. There is glorious presentation of ones strengths and a scope of improvement to work hard upon the weakness. This leads to a stronger and skilled workforce in a company and that too a department where employees are too busy with strong and hard targets to achieve in a short span of time. The presence of competition in the team steers from being negative towards being healthy and positive. The level of investment in human resource becomes successful and the relationship among the employees become better and improved. Every team member becomes adaptive and henc e adopt the working style of the co-members. Hence, working in a team propels the growth of an individual at both personal and professional level. In the present scenario of high level of busy schedule and a need to upraise the customers satisfaction level, there is a dire need to inculcate team work principles and practices so as to motivate the employees on a collective level and make each individual aware of the benefits leveraged out of the teamwork. 3.2 Team is a term where every individual is equal and is regarded equally as per the performance of the whole team. But, when we talk about a leader, there is a whole lot of difference being the leader of a team and being just another member of the team. Team leaders can be motivators, managers, directors, executives, owners etc. Team leaders have this exceptionally unique authority with them that allows them and makes them responsible to set up the tasks of the team. Team leader assigns the team members with their respective roles and responsibilities. He can edit, modify, change and monitor the team setting at any point of time during the project development. He is the one who is partially responsible for recruiting efficient and suitable team members that match up with the tune of the organizational goals. Team leaders have to customize the tasks according to the mission of the project and the competency of the members. The sole responsibility of the team lies over his shoulders of the team leader. He is the voice and face of the team which represents the team at every event or meeting. He has the task of keeping the team members motivated towards their tasks and complete them well within the time frame and the allotted deadline. He must have a long term vision for the team by pre planning the tasks. He has the responsibility of a disturbance handler to resolve any kind of conflicts arising in the team with the help and aid of the members of the team. He should be competent enough to analyze the trends of the team and work in a positive direction to foster a rising curve of productivity and efficiency. He must have a visionary outlook for the future of the team. Team leader is accountable for both internal issues and any of the external issues (Fisher, 2000) hindering the development of the team growth. Team leader is by default a team member who has added set of responsibilities. He can either act as an active member of the team by performing some of the t asks or he can be a passive member who will just handle monitoring and controlling functions of the team. In the active case, the leader will be able to develop his skills along with inspiring others to do so whereas in the passive case (Kozlowski, 1996), he must be competent enough to have a mastery over the skills that his team mates acquire and must have a charismatic personality to motivate them for the completion of tasks. He is the leader of the army of team members. Team members on the other side are the functional people who perform the tasks under the guidance and motivation of the team leader. It is quite different to be a leader and a member of the group. Members do participate in decision making in some styles of leadership but the ultimate decision lies in the hands of the team leader. They are mutants of change but the team leader leads to the final implication of those changes in the group. Members have to accept his orders or requests and incorporate them into their working styles. They must follow up the routine and the working code as specified by the team leader. They become more of an employees than equal members of the team as they are actually lead by a leader. Team leader focuses on sharpening the human resources and team members focus on developing their individual identity within the team and collaborating in a healthy manner for the overall success of the team. Team members go up to the team leader to resolve an issue which is outside the scope of their personal problem solving ability. Team leader on the other hand balances the requirements of every individual team member and align the goals of the team with the goals of an individual. Team leader actually acts as a bridge between team members and the top management by communicating the information both the sides. The whole responsibility of time and resource management lies with the team leader. He has the inherent ability to steer the direction of focus, working style, work pace and nature of the team. Being a team member is equally important and worthy as the members are taught to obey orders, give their genuine opinion, look forward for becoming the future leaders by learning the capabilities of the team leader, put in their best of the efforts to complete the assigned task within the allotted deadline and many more features. 3.3 The effectiveness of the team to achieve the desired goals can be monitored with the help of blend of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The competency of each of the individual team member can be monitored by observing their productivity in a span of fixed time. The team leader can set aside a few days to observe the performance of the members and develop a comprehensive plan and approach towards it. For a qualitative, peer reviews can be one of the best methods to have an insight into the development of the team. Peer reviews can either be taken in a word of mouth manner or may be taken in the form of a written questionnaire which can be presented either in an online of an offline mode. For a quantitative analysis there can be surveys carried out within the team to compare the productivity, sales, profits, attendance, retention etc. Key Performance Indicators may be useful tool to provide the team leader with an overall picture of the scenario in quantitative terms. The re will be an analysis of the improvement in the context of increase in customer satisfaction which can be measured by enhanced productivity, sales and demands. Customer review will also matter a lot in giving a genuine review of effectiveness of the team at a collaborative level. Customers can be contacted either on phone or via emails generated by the marketing team of the company. The number of transactions or the increase in profit will be directly proportional to the enhanced effectiveness of the team. There will be lesser number of customer complaints which can be observed by recording the customer support and satisfaction calls and reviewing them for an analysis. Therefore, both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used in collaboration to analyze the efficiency and development of the team. The requirement of the task is to enhance the satisfaction level of the customers which can be evaluated and monitored based over the beta testing done with the help of some selected and loyal customers. This would give results of the effectiveness of the team work implied in the task rather than chaotic individual activity. Task 4 4.1 For planning the assessment of progress by vocational school, there must be timely observations based over the patterns of progress and studies of reports. The progress must be monitored and noted manually for a better analysis. There can be use of some software which can give the progress results easily and efficiently. There may be a test or an assessment for having a survey of the potential progress made by the department. Also there may be review strategies and operations so as to prepare an action plan and act according to the progress rate. The success curve should be daily analyzed for predicting the future of the department. Technology should be deployed in assessment of planning tasks in which Microsoft Project or Microsoft Access can be used for keeping up a database and Gnatt chart record. The assessment of the work should be given to a specialized team giving periodic updates for improvement and maintenance of the level of vocational training given. Staff development should be focused in order to distribute the tasks of assessment for a better review and monitoring strategy implementation. 4.2 Every individual should be given a full exposure so as to realize his personal requirements and working needs for developing. He should have the freedom to speak via open communication medium to express their needs. There must be proper training provided so that they can express their developmental status and future requirements. They must be mentored and coached in an efficient manner so as to provide with support. After assessing the needs, some of the common needs must be prioritized at the first go followed by special needs as per the urgency. These common needs will satisfy maximum individuals and hence foster enhanced efficiency. After implementation of the plan, it should be matched with the original needs so as to attain the level of satisfaction and efficiency among individuals. There should be feedback forms given to individuals along with surprise tests to check the level of their training process. Individual staff members must be given heterogeneous groups for monitor ing purpose so as to have a deep insight into individual level reports. 4.3 To assess the success matched up with the goals there must be a survey whether the goals are met with the efforts or are still yet to be accomplished. There must be a checklist which should be completed and the milestone sheet analyzed to check if the targets are met or not. Meetings are arranged to discuss about the level of success and further plans required after reviewing, there should be a constant monitoring or maintenance for the assessment tasks. References 1. Taylor, M. S., Bergmann, T. J., Organizational recruitment activities and applicants' reactions at different stages of the recruitment process, Personnel Psychology, vol. 40. no. 2, 1987, p. 261-285.2. Gregory, J. Sex, race and the law: Legislating for equality (p. 161), 1987, London: Sage.3. 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